Xcode 14更新以后git失效问题解决

简介信息

1. 问题背景
2. 解决方法
3. 2/3个一样的git

1. 问题背景#

随着苹果iPhone 14的发布，Xcode也推送了更新。
更新以后，和同事一样都遇到了相同的bug——git用不了：使用git命令会报下面这个错误：

$ git
2022-09-19 15:21:51.777 xcodebuild[14474:4015692] [MT] DVTPlugInLoading: Failed to load code for plug-in com.apple.dt.IDESimulatorAvailability (/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/PlugIns/IDESimulatorAvailability.ideplugin), error = Error Domain=NSCocoaErrorDomain Code=3588 "dlopen(/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/PlugIns/IDESimulatorAvailability.ideplugin/Contents/MacOS/IDESimulatorAvailability, 0x0109): Symbol not found: (_OBJC_CLASS_$_SimDiskImage)
  Referenced from: '/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/PlugIns/IDESimulatorAvailability.ideplugin/Contents/MacOS/IDESimulatorAvailability'
  Expected in: '/Library/Developer/PrivateFrameworks/CoreSimulator.framework/Versions/A/CoreSimulator'" UserInfo={NSLocalizedFailureReason=The bundle couldn’t be loaded., NSLocalizedRecoverySuggestion=Try reinstalling the bundle., NSFilePath=/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/PlugIns/IDESimulatorAvailability.ideplugin/Contents/MacOS/IDESimulatorAvailability, NSDebugDescription=dlopen(/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/PlugIns/IDESimulatorAvailability.ideplugin/Contents/MacOS/IDESimulatorAvailability, 0x0109): Symbol not found: (_OBJC_CLASS_$_SimDiskImage)
  Referenced from: '/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/PlugIns/IDESimulatorAvailability.ideplugin/Contents/MacOS/IDESimulatorAvailability'
  Expected in: '/Library/Developer/PrivateFrameworks/CoreSimulator.framework/Versions/A/CoreSimulator', NSBundlePath=/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/PlugIns/IDESimulatorAvailability.ideplugin, NSLocalizedDescription=The bundle “IDESimulatorAvailability” couldn’t be loaded.}, dyldError = dlopen(/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/PlugIns/IDESimulatorAvailability.ideplugin/Contents/MacOS/IDESimulatorAvailability, 0x0000): Symbol not found: (_OBJC_CLASS_$_SimDiskImage)
  Referenced from: '/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/PlugIns/IDESimulatorAvailability.ideplugin/Contents/MacOS/IDESimulatorAvailability'
  Expected in: '/Library/Developer/PrivateFrameworks/CoreSimulator.framework/Versions/A/CoreSimulator'
2022-09-19 15:21:51.877 xcodebuild[14474:4015692] [MT] DVTAssertions: ASSERTION FAILURE in /System/Volumes/Data/SWE/Apps/DT/BuildRoots/BuildRoot2/ActiveBuildRoot/Library/Caches/com.apple.xbs/Sources/DVTFrameworks/DVTFrameworks-21303/DVTFoundation/PlugInArchitecture/DataModel/DVTPlugIn.m:374
Details:  Failed to load code for plug-in com.apple.dt.IDESimulatorAvailability (/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/PlugIns/IDESimulatorAvailability.ideplugin)
Please ensure Xcode packages are up-to-date — try running 'xcodebuild -runFirstLaunch'.

NSBundle error: Error Domain=NSCocoaErrorDomain Code=3588 "dlopen(/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/PlugIns/IDESimulatorAvailability.ideplugin/Contents/MacOS/IDESimulatorAvailability, 0x0109): Symbol not found: (_OBJC_CLASS_$_SimDiskImage)
  Referenced from: '/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/PlugIns/IDESimulatorAvailability.ideplugin/Contents/MacOS/IDESimulatorAvailability'
  Expected in: '/Library/Developer/PrivateFrameworks/CoreSimulator.framework/Versions/A/CoreSimulator'" UserInfo={NSLocalizedFailureReason=The bundle couldn’t be loaded., NSLocalizedRecoverySuggestion=Try reinstalling the bundle., NSFilePath=/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/PlugIns/IDESimulatorAvailability.ideplugin/Contents/MacOS/IDESimulatorAvailability, NSDebugDescription=dlopen(/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/PlugIns/IDESimulatorAvailability.ideplugin/Contents/MacOS/IDESimulatorAvailability, 0x0109): Symbol not found: (_OBJC_CLASS_$_SimDiskImage)
  Referenced from: '/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/PlugIns/IDESimulatorAvailability.ideplugin/Contents/MacOS/IDESimulatorAvailability'
  Expected in: '/Library/Developer/PrivateFrameworks/CoreSimulator.framework/Versions/A/CoreSimulator', NSBundlePath=/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/PlugIns/IDESimulatorAvailability.ideplugin, NSLocalizedDescription=The bundle “IDESimulatorAvailability” couldn’t be loaded.}
Object:   <DVTPlugIn: 0x6000032adcc0>
Method:   -loadAssertingOnError:error:
Thread:   <_NSMainThread: 0x6000016fc480>{number = 1, name = main}
Hints:

Backtrace:
  0  0x000000010243ff81
  1  0x000000010243f4b5
  2  0x000000010243f6c1
  3  0x00000001022b63ba
  4  0x0000000102271c73
  5  0x000000010226fa1f
  6  0x00007ff81590b317
  7  0x00007ff8159187ee
  8  0x000000010248e5a1
  9  0x00000001024640d8
 10  0x000000010226f8a3
 11  0x000000010226faf5
 12  0x0000000103354f66
 13  0x0000000103354526
 14  0x0000000103353919
 15  0x0000000100cdc9a4
 16  0x0000000100a5f20a
sh: line 1: 14476 Abort trap: 6           /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/usr/bin/xcodebuild -sdk /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/MacOSX.platform/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX.sdk -find git 2> /dev/null
git: error: sh -c '/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/usr/bin/xcodebuild -sdk /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/MacOSX.platform/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX.sdk -find git 2> /dev/null' failed with exit code 34304: (null) (errno=Invalid argument)
xcode-select: Failed to locate 'git', requesting installation of command line developer tools.

尽管按照苹果的这个提示，下载、安装完了，但也依然不好使。

尝试了其它几种方法安装git，好多方法是依赖brew的，而brew本身，又是依赖git的。

2. 解决方法#

有两种方法可以解决这个问题：

打开Xcode，会让你选择安装哪个组件、然后还会再安装一次依赖；
把git切换到CommandLineTools：

具体就是这个命令：
$ sudo xcode-select --switch /Library/Developer/CommandLineTools

3. 2/3个一样的git#

CommandLineTools的git位于这个位置：
/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/usr/bin/git

Xcode的git位于这个位置：
/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/usr/bin/git

而具体执行的git命令，位于这个位置：
/usr/bin/git

三个文件都是可执行文件，但略有差异：

$ ls -l /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/usr/bin/git /Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/usr/bin/git /usr/bin/git
-rwxr-xr-x   1 root  wheel  6480800 Aug 28 05:46 /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/usr/bin/git
-rwxr-xr-x   1 root  wheel  6480800 Aug 28 05:46 /Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/usr/bin/git
-rwxr-xr-x  76 root  wheel   167120 Aug 24 16:59 /usr/bin/git
$ md5 /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/usr/bin/git /Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/usr/bin/git /usr/bin/git
MD5 (/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/usr/bin/git) = 2d28c1a09e1981a6df9d5c46a7605371
MD5 (/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/usr/bin/git) = 2d28c1a09e1981a6df9d5c46a7605371
MD5 (/usr/bin/git) = b804370957619edc6510439fed2b35b0
$ file /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/usr/bin/git /Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/usr/bin/git /usr/bin/git
/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/usr/bin/git: Mach-O universal binary with 2 architectures: [x86_64:Mach-O 64-bit executable x86_64
- Mach-O 64-bit executable x86_64] [arm64]
/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/usr/bin/git (for architecture x86_64):	Mach-O 64-bit executable x86_64
/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/usr/bin/git (for architecture arm64):	Mach-O 64-bit executable arm64
/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/usr/bin/git:        Mach-O universal binary with 2 architectures: [x86_64:Mach-O 64-bit executable x86_64
- Mach-O 64-bit executable x86_64] [arm64]
/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/usr/bin/git (for architecture x86_64):	Mach-O 64-bit executable x86_64
/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/usr/bin/git (for architecture arm64):	Mach-O 64-bit executable arm64
/usr/bin/git:                                           Mach-O universal binary with 2 architectures: [x86_64:Mach-O 64-bit executable x86_64
- Mach-O 64-bit executable x86_64] [arm64e:Mach-O 64-bit executable arm64e
- Mach-O 64-bit executable arm64e]
/usr/bin/git (for architecture x86_64):	Mach-O 64-bit executable x86_64
/usr/bin/git (for architecture arm64e):	Mach-O 64-bit executable arm64e

可以看出：

/usr/bin/git下的文件是一个单独的副本，不是软链接，但体积明显小于其它两个；
从md5值可以看出，CommandLineTools下面的和Xcode下面的是同一个文件的两个副本；
而/usr/bin/git这个文件，经过实验，在使用xcode-select --switch xxx切换时，其md5值是固定的，也就是切换的时候不会引起/usr/bin/git文件的变化。

推测：感觉/usr/bin/git这个文件是通过类库的方式调用的其它依赖代码，而依赖代码影响到了Xcode的运行。